obverse
American Numismatic Society (ANS), CC BY
reverse
American Numismatic Society (ANS), CC BY
Obverse
Bust of Venus, diademed, draped, right
Reverse
Simpulum and lituus, above, tripod and patera, below
Historical Note
The simpulum (sacrificial ladle), lituus (augural staff), tripod, and patera (libation bowl) are the four principal priestly implements of Roman religious office. Together they represent Augustus's accumulation of priestly roles — he held multiple priesthoods simultaneously, including the title of pontifex maximus from 12 BC. This type presents his religious authority alongside his military and political power.
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