obverse
reverse
Obverse
Head of Augustus, bare, left
Reverse
Domed Temple with four columns. Inside, Mars, helmeted, standing left, holding aquila in right hand and standard over left shoulder
Historical Note
This coin depicts the Temple of Mars Ultor (Mars the Avenger), the centrepiece of the Forum of Augustus, dedicated in 2 BC after over 40 years of construction. The temple was vowed by Octavian before the Battle of Philippi in 42 BC to avenge Caesar's murder. It also housed the Parthian standards recovered in 20 BC. Mars stands inside holding the legionary aquila and standard — directly referencing the standards' display in the temple.
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